Depression Management Mental Illness

Question: Disucss about theDepression Managementfor Mental Illness. Answer: Presentation Dysfunctional behavior has become a typical illness that influences countless individuals in Australia. The circumstance has been compounded by the provokes confronting individuals in their everyday undertakings, for example, sedate maltreatment, prescriptions, clashes, individual issues, incessant sicknesses, hereditary qualities, and some more. Psychological maladjustment is a genuine condition that can adversely affect on the psychological and physical soundness of a person. Thusly, any instance of dysfunctional behavior ought to be paid attention to by receiving a suitable treatment and the board procedures that can place the patient in the correct way of recuperation and reestablishing the wellbeing status. This is the thing that Mary merits in light of the fact that, in the wake of getting a charge out of a more joyful life, she out of nowhere changes at 41 years old years when her psychological circumstance intensifies. Rather than living serenely with her family, Mary is dist urbed in light of the fact that she considers no to be for living ordinarily as a spouse, mother and a capable representative she used to be. This paper utilizes the instance of Mary to clarify much about psychological sickness. Marys Mental Illness From the data introduced for the situation study, it is obvious that Mary has a genuine instance of melancholy. By basic definition, wretchedness alludes to a state of mind wherein results into enthusiastic anguish in a person. An individual experiencing sorrow can encounter a ton of changes in the physical and emotional well-being, for example, withdrawal, separation, uneasiness, and incessant states of being. As a genuine state of mind, research has demonstrated that downturn is brought about by countless elements: passing of a friend or family member; hereditary qualities; genuine diseases; individual issues; clashes; certain drugs; unpleasant life occasions: and enthusiastic, sexual and physical maltreatment (Schlicht, Morgan, Fuller, Coates Dunbar 2013). From the data gave for the situation study, it tends to be concluded that Mary is at a high danger of contracting melancholy in light of various reasons. In the first place, she has acquired the condition from her folks. Given that examination has set up that such a state of mind can be transmitted along the family tree, it is no uncertainty that Mary has acquired the equivalent from her organic mother who is known to have lived with the condition for a long time. This suggests there are sure gloom qualities that were transmitted to Mary by her mom. In any case, her helplessness strengthened when she continued collaborating with the discouraged mother on everyday premise (Lowe, Plummer Boyd 2013). The other conceivable reason for Marys psychological sickness is upsetting individual encounters. In spite of the fact that Mary is known to have carried on with a satisfied life, she gets discouraged in light of the fact that she can't hold up under with the current circumstance. She feels pulled back due to her conviction that she has become a weight to her family. May be, she has been baffled in her work environment due to the overwhelming obligations and duties she performs day by day (Otte, Wingenfeld, Kuehl, Richter, Regen, Piber Hinkelmann 2015). Additionally, she may have similar sentiments since all her relatives are more fruitful than her. Along these lines, she may feel second rate and less significant. This essentially shows Mary has individual issues that may build her defenselessness to this sort of mental issue. Last, however not least, Marys mental status can be connected to her clinical history. From the data gave up until this point, unmistakably the patient has a past filled with wretchedness. The way that Mary had been determined to have clinical gloom 2 years back muddles her circumstance. The drugs given to her strength have put her at a danger of getting the condition sometime down the road. This is conceivable on the grounds that analysts have discovered that the emission of sadness can be connected to specific drugs, for example, skin break out, benzodiazepines, barbiturates, zentane, anticholinergics, morpine, and absorica that are utilized for rewarding various types of ailments influencing individuals (Schlicht, Morgan, Fuller, Coates Dunbar 2013). In this manner, the utilization of meds like Citalopram may have confounded Marys circumstance by making her helpless against misery. Impacts of Depression on Marys Physical Health The report from Marys spouse unmistakably shows that the state of mind, wherein Mary is in, has significantly affected on her wellbeing. Much the same as some other mental issue quiet, Mary is clearly at a danger of a various wellbeing challenges. To start with, she has lost her rest. As brought up by her better half, Mary loathes her rest as she used to do before. The absence of rest experienced by Mary has been brought about by the burdensome conditions she has been encountering. As per logical exploration, gloom denies one from resting in light of the progressions it causes in the cerebrum. When experiencing gloom, Marys mind can't work in an ordinary way (Lowe, Plummer Boyd 2013). The adjustments in the working of the cerebrum influence a synapse known as serotonin which obviously blocks her capacity to rest soundly. It is consequently that Mary has been seen as conscious and possibly gazing at the room windows when she should be profound snoozing. The other impact of despondency that Mary is probably going to experience is loss of hunger and sex drive. When her cerebrum is meddled with, it can't work typically. Accordingly, it can't play out its capacities due to the impedance of the Central Nervous System (CNS). For instance, the impedance with the exercises of synapses can prompt craving and sex misfortune (Morse, Salyers lins 2012). Which means, Mary won't be in a place of feeling hungry and having the drive to eat food. A similar will happen to her sexual life since she will lose enthusiasm for sex and have no inclination to take part in sexual issues as she should do as a typical individual. Moreover, Marys metal sickness will influence her by causing her to feel a great deal of torment in her body (Palagini, Gemignani Guazzelli 2012). The progressions experienced in the CNS can open the patient to different dangers, for example, exorbitant torments. This may happen in light of the fact that the adjustment in the cerebrum working can make the torment receptors to be too touchy to even think about paining to the degree that any little agony can be amplified in the body (Harrison, Hauck Hoffman 20140. Despite the fact that the torment receptors assume a huge job in identifying torment improvements, any such modifications can cause them to neglect to viably to play out their capacities. The increase of the degrees of torment can influence the patient since it can make her to experience difficult encounters like back torment, a sad circumstance that may deny her of bliss and keep her from having an agreeable existence like different individuals from her family. At long last, Marys condition can open her to a wide scope of physical ailments. Beating the rundown of such sicknesses is heart ailments, for example, cardiovascular failure, inborn coronary illness, congestive cardiovascular breakdown, and coronary illness. These are diseases that are connected to the adjustments in cholesterol and circulatory strain. Thusly, given the progressions made on circulatory strain by gloom, a patient gets helpless against such conditions (Brunero Stein-Parbury 2007). The other physical sickness that may result from sadness is substance misuse. The helpless status of Mary can bait her into sedate use with the conviction that it will empower her to manage her upsetting circumstance. If not checked in time, the medication use can result into the enslavement of the patient. In this way, if no quick mediation measures are taken, Mary may be at a genuine danger of experiencing these conditions. Having listed the above conditions, it tends to be inferred that Marys psychological sickness directly affects her physical wellbeing. This can be clarified from numerous points of view. The explanation is that interminable states of being from which Mary may be enduring are caused on account of the way that such conditions depend on poor psychological well-being as a hazard factor. Exploration has demonstrated that the people experiencing states of mind are typically increasingly powerless against constant physical sicknesses like heart ailments. This happens in light of the fact that the nearness of psychological instabilities meddles with the bodys resistant framework, a terrible change that makes the body powerless to physical diseases since it renders the body exposed (Chu, Yang, Lin, Ou, Lee, O'Brien Chou 2013). At the point when the body has a broken insusceptible framework, it turns out to be exposed and can't work well to shield the body from any ailments that may influence it. Which means, the circumstance turns out to be more awful as it makes space for the current and other shrewd ailments. The board Strategies for Mental Illness The way that psychological instability unfavorably influences the body in various manners requires that it ought to be appropriately overseen. In this way, having been seen as carrying on in a bizarre way in light of her helpless condition of psychological wellness, Mary has the right to be offered a prompt clinical mediation. On the off chance that this is done, the patient can be engaged to deal with her conditions and be in the correct way of recuperation to recapture her wellbeing (Willis, Reynolds Keleher, 2016). In this way, to do this, the accompanying measures ought to be taken: Above all, Mary ought to be allowed a chance to obtain clinical mediation. Aside from depending on her GP, Mary ought to secure sufficient help from her relatives (Leontjevas, Gerritsen, Smalbrugge, Teerenstra, Vernooij-Dassen Koopmans 2013). Should this occur, Mary would get the opportunity to secure significant dysfunctional behavior the executives systems as laid out thus: In the first place, Mary ought to be bolstered to embrace way of life change. To do as such, she ought to be assisted with making the accompanying changes in her way of life: Dynamic Engagement in Physical Exercises: It is suggested that a dysfunctional behavior patient should set aside some effort to take an interest in physical exercises. This is the thing that Mary ought to be encouraged to do in light of the fact that it has parts benefits for her. In any case, physical f

Accommodating Students with Disabilities :: College Admissions Essays

Obliging Students with Disabilities   So as to gain a secondary school certificate in New York State, every understudy must get one physical instruction credit. Paul [a pseudonym] is in a wheelchair. He is a tenth-grade understudy with cerebral paralysis at my secondary school. He expected to acquire this credit, however would be not able to address the difficulties of physical instruction. Paul would need to get his physical instruction credit another way.   The senior member of understudies and varsity ball mentor were made mindful of the issue and thought of an answer. Realizing that Paul is a ball fan, he asked whether he could record the details. An adjustment to the program All-Star Stats 400 by Microsoft would empower Paul to keep up the details and expel the undertaking from the mentor's shoulders.   This thought was then examined with the Learning Workshop instructor, a PC genius. He contemplated that if Paul could separate, factually, recorded b-ball games, he could enter the details into the PC. Paul examined the thought with his instructor and truly enjoyed the thought it permitted him to partake in secondary school b-ball and win the necessary credit.   When his educator finished the adjustments of All-Star Stats 400, Paul was given an important opportunity to get his physical training credit. The workforce's readiness to help an understudy radiates through the mechanics of this procedure. The explanation Paul prevailing with regards to getting his credit is on the grounds that he was happy to attempt to cause the plan to become reality. The staff cooperated to frame the crude materials, and Paul completed the item.   This individual triumph was scarcely seen by the understudy body, albeit maybe more understudies should notice the event. The beliefs communicated in this story incorporate acknowledgment, innovativeness and participation among workforce and understudies. As his educator stated, Getting Paul's credit shows the support and commitment of the staff and the readiness and want of Paul.

Diversity in the Workplace Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Decent variety in the Workplace - Research Paper Example Instances of such high force separations are found in nations like Spain, South America, Italy, Africa, Mexico and the European nations having an overwhelmingly Latin populace. The connections between people working in a similar association are known as independence †community. As per Hofstede, a rich and created country gives more accentuation to the individual way of its kin and a poor and immature country puts stock in abiding in an aggregate way. The third reference found by Hofstede, is that of the preferences made on the measure of sexual orientations. He clarifies this as the accentuation gave by a specific culture on sexual orientation uniformity and terms it as masculineness †womanhood. A male commanded society has unmistakably divided jobs of lady and man. Such societies are found in nations like Italy, Greece, Venezuela, Switzerland and Japan. This isn't the situation in societies which are prevalently female in nature. Here such jobs can be exchanged and there e xists more prominent correspondence and mix between both genders. Such societies are prevailing in nations like Finland, Denmark, Netherlands and Sweden (Hofstede, 1996). The dread of the obscure is named by Hofstede as the control of the incertitude. This dread is undeniably increasingly predominant in societies which has a more noteworthy requirement for arranging, request and security and can be seen in nations like Greece, Japan, France, Belgium and Portugal. The dread of the obscure is far less in evolved countries like United Kingdom, Sweden, United States of America and Denmark. Contingent upon the requirements of time which can be additionally isolated into long and short, the factor of Confucianism †dynamism has been given by Hosstede (Lynch, 2002). The social orders which are the forbearers of Confucianism, advocate...International Business Machines or IBM shows a different and skilled labor. Getting the full bit of leeway out of assorted variety is one of the essenti al points of this worldwide firm as it accepts that decent variety prompts acquiring serious edge over adversaries. One of the primary elements of this organization’s center around assorted variety in workforce is its guarantee to give similar chances to all people (IBM, 2012). By IBM terms, assorted variety implies that singular disparities are normal, energized and loved so every faculty so as to upgrade efficiency, accomplishment and advancement. The fundamental objective of this association is to frame and save a culture which makes faculty esteemed and invited to this firm by boosting the best utilization of differed gifts and settle on IBM as the association of decision to its clients and workforce. Right now IBM is concentrating on the beneath referenced assorted systems administration groups. a) Disabled individuals †This is a relationship of impaired faculty and has solid connections with the more extensive gatherings and is one of the most dynamic bunches in IBM. b) Flexibility †This is another set up which effectively secures faculty open to position sharing, low maintenance or other graceful working decisions. c) Women in innovation †Another affiliation meaning to empower and bear the turn of events, development, acknowledgment and progression of IBM’s current female workforce in the specialized region. d) In request to underscore multiculturalism, IBM has particularly come out with a social decent variety gathering.

Legal Data Implications Issues - Free Essay Example

Tom Beauchamp and James children discovered health care ethics principles in the year 1985. Ethics principles were established to guide in decision making when health practitioners inevitably encountered difficult circumstances concerning patients. The ethical principles are contained in the data protection Act 1998(DPA1998) besides caldicoff principles of an authentic practice on the additional users of the personal data. The ethical have both legal and illegal impact on both parties involved. The Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) powers were under justice department and also were under the United States labor department from 1933 to 1940. Its functions ceased when most of its features were transferred to new entities. Uncertainty about legal and authentic requirement has remained unanswered up to date (Danley 2010). The two critical implication to address are confidentiality and quality management. Cases against unlimited data overwhelmed the (INS). Health related information requires a high level of restriction. Records confidentiality through security fixed locks cabins should be the best solution. Moreover, cabin keys should be under one staff member management. As a result, patients will have confidence and visit the hospital when need arises since their data is not exposed to a third party. This practice should be impressed, and in case of a computer system, systems should be fitted with passwords and accessed by only authorized individuals. Besides, despite safeguarding the well-being of patients, the idea will have marketing advantage since most patients prefer information confidence. Similarly, data and documentaries should be safely kept. Anyone or individuals or object engendering misplacement of data should try to evade. The idea aims to enhance  Ã‚   accessibility and quick handling when they are required for health care use. Hence, its successful implementing will accord patients trust since it will confirm a high management level. In essence, the Immigration and Naturalization Service ethical data issues should be utilized for our healthcare data management implementations. References Danley, J. V. (2010). SEVIS: The Impact of Homeland Security on American Colleges and Universities. New Directions for Institutional Research, (146), 63-73.

Problem-Oriented Policing Essay - 882 Words

In the last three decades, several concepts have been advanced to organize efforts to improve policing. Among them have been team policing, neighborhood policing, community policing, zero-tolerance policing and problem-oriented policing. Herman Goldstein was the first to propose problem-oriented policing in 1979. Problem-oriented policing is a policing strategy that involves the identification and analysis of specific crime and disorder problems, in order to develop effective response strategies in conjunction with ongoing assessment. The emphasis in problem-oriented policing is on directing attention to the broad range of problems the community expects the police to handle–the problems that constitute the business of the police and on†¦show more content†¦Many policing agencies have found this approach to be helpful. Agencies that were involved noted that specific community concerns had been addressed, overall reductions in crime had occurred, or community members had become less fearful as a result of the police interventions. Relevant problems will normally surface as issues brought to the attention of the police. Due to these apparent successes, the problem-focused approach has been used to address a diverse array of problems such as gangs, drugs, school crime and the management of police call for service in urban, suburban and even rural communities. The exploration of possible responses to a problem is handled by police officers. Once a problem is identified, officers are expected to work closely with the community members to develop a solution, which can include a wide range of alternatives to arrest. These may focus on the offender, the community, the environment, outside agencies, or the need for some kind of mediation. Problem-oriented policing grew out of twenty years of research into police practices, and differs from traditional policing strategies in many significant ways. For example, problem-oriented policing enables police agencies to be more effective. Currently, police agencies commit most of their time to responding to calls for service. Problem-oriented policing offers a more effective strategy by addressing theShow MoreRelatedProblem Oriented Policing815 Words   |  3 PagesIntroduction Problem oriented policing, hot spot policing, and directed patrols are three popular systems in which law enforcement have adopted over the past years to develop a more productive style of policing practices. Researchers have spent money and valuable time looking at these practices to see if they are effective. Hot spot policing, directed patrols, and problem oriented policing are effective methods in reducing all forms of crime. There are important factors to look at in this researchRead MoreProblem-Oriented Policing962 Words   |  4 PagesAbstract Problem-oriented policing has been the cause of changes in police departments all across the nation. Is this style of policing really effective and a continued help to departments? This paper will examine problem-oriented policing and shed some light into the present activities of police departments and how they have changed because of problem-oriented policing. Problem-Oriented Policing and its Past, Present, and Future Implications Problem oriented Policing, according to the AustralianRead MoreProblem Oriented Policing And Community- Orientated Policing1040 Words   |  5 Pagesstarted SARA Model, Problem-Oriented Policing and Community- Oriented Policing. These are methods that will be use throughout the law enforcement filed. And know the key components and how to use them will beneficial to you as you progress in your file of chose with the law enforcement filed. S.A.RA Model meaning Scanning, Analysis, Response and Assessment; the purpose of the SARA it help community policing agencies to identify and solve repeat crime and community problems. The step are startingRead MoreThe Problem Oriented Policing Model1597 Words   |  7 Pageswho was first to establish a MET in London, that too 17 divisions. Since 1829 many different policing models have been developed in the 19th/20thC such as preventative policing and zero tolerance policing for many reasons such as; changes in the demand for police and changes in the patterns of crime. The two models that will be examined in this essay are Intelligence-Led policing and Problem-Oriented policing. Both these models are different from each other as they use different methods and techniquesRead MoreProblem Oriented Policing Essay1028 Words   |  5 PagesProblem Oriented Policing Problem-oriented policing presents an alternative approach to policing that has gained attention in recent years among many police agencies. Problem-oriented policing grew out of twenty years of research into police practices, and differs from traditional policing strategies in four significant ways.  · First, problem-oriented policing enables police agencies to be more effective. Currently, police agencies commit most of their time to responding to calls for serviceRead MoreThe Problem Oriented Policing ( Pop )875 Words   |  4 Pagesreported and communities participate in safety programs. In order to ensure safety in the community, the community members share the responsibility of law and order. Problem Oriented Policing (POP) is the modern proactive take on community-oriented policing. Police activities are focused on specific long-standing community problems and devising a plan of enforcement and intervention with the assistance of community-based support((Goodman, 2009) C. Thesis statement: This paper will discuss a theoryRead MoreEssay on Community Policing and Problem-Oriented Policing1408 Words   |  6 PagesAlthough many may find community policing and problem-oriented policing to fall in the same category, there is (surprisingly) a difference between the two. For one, community policing has many definitions. For some, it means instituting foot and bicycle patrols and doing acts pertaining to the ideal bond between police officers and their community. While for others it means maintaining order and cleaning up neighborhoods in desperate need of repair (Dunham Alpert, 2005). However, an idyllicRead MoreProblem-Oriented Policing and Its Importance Essay1078 Words   |  5 PagesPROBLEM-ORIENTED POLICING 3 Problem-Oriented Policing and Its Importance Problem-oriented policing (POP) has been around for decades. POP can be defined as a way to improve policing by analyzing and acting on the most serious problems concerning the community. Research articles from various peer reviewed journals were examined to obtain an understandingRead MorePolice Agencies Implement Community Policing, And Problem Oriented Policing Essay1357 Words   |  6 Pagespolice agencies implement community policing, and problem oriented policing? and if so do they work? In this paper, this paper will examine the two different styles of policing in a contemporary society. Community policing where the main emphasis is that the police and the community work together on issues, and problem-oriented policing where the police try and understand specific issues within the community. It will also examine several examples of different policing agencies in Canada, and what theyRead MoreImplementing Problem- Oriented Policing : Sara Model1434 Words   |  6 Pagesas a problem solving methods that is used and practice by the problem oriented policing. SARA analytical process can be used as a beneficial, but is not the only way to approach problem solving. When you implement problem- oriented policing is it great to use the SARA model. The SARA model has four stages which include Scanning, Analysis, Response, and Assessment. Even though policing have many advantages by using the SARA model, it is important to use the SARA model correctly otherwise problem solving

Week 6 U Decide Essay examples - 2218 Words

------------------------------------------------- Top of Form Grade Details | | | | 1. | Question: | Teddys Supplies CEO has asked you to advise him on the facts of the case and your opinion of their potential liability. He wants to settle the case. Write a memo to him that states your view of whether the company is exposed to liability on all issues you feel are in play. Include in your memo any laws that apply and any precedent cases either for or against Teddys case that impact liability. Include in the memo your suggested offer of settlement to Virginia. Back up your offer using your analysis of the case against Teddys. | | Your Answer: | Dear Mr. Moore, After reviewing this case, I can state that Teddy’s†¦show more content†¦Name an appellate court case in which an employer was found liable for either quid pro quo or hostile environment sexual harassment. Describe the facts of the case and the decision the court came to in the case. Include the citation to the case and a link to it online. Would the case apply to Pollar ds case? Why or why not? Would you want to use this case in Teddys favor or Pollard’s favor? (10 points)b. Explain which form of sexual harassment you suspect the NJ Human Rights commission found Virginia had been a victim of and why you feel that is the case. Provide law or a case to support your position. If you feel Pollard was not a victim of harassment in this case, explain why you feel that way, and provide law or a case to support your position. (10 points)c. Explain what defenses to sexual harassment Teddys had in this case. (Include the name and citation of at least two federal or state sexual harassment cases that provide precedent support to your defense statement.) (10 points)d. What is disparate treatment and why do you think the Human Rights commission found it had occurred? Do you agree with this decision? (10 points) | | Your Answer: | a) Quid Pro Quo (This for That) harassment occurs when an employee is offered job benefits such as promotion, pay raise, etc. in return for sexual favors and could face unfavorable outcomes if they refused. Hostile environment harassment occurs when an employee is harassed in an unwelcoming / sexual conductive way thatShow MoreRelatedModule One Quiz Essay684 Words   |  3 PagesWisely, you decide to look at their work to see if you can spot the source of confusion. Matt 6 – 4(3 – 5)2 + 30 à · 5 6 – 4(–2)2 + 30 à · 5 6 – 4(4) + 30 à · 5 6 – 16 + 30 à · 5 −10 + 30 à · 5 20 à · 5 4 Karen 6 – 4(3 – 5)2 + 30 à · 5 6 – 4(–2)2 + 30 à · 5 6 – 4(−4) + 30 à · 5 6 + 16 + 30 à · 5 6 + 16 + 6 22 + 6 28 Explain to Matt and Karen who, if either, is correct, and identify errors that you find. Provide the correct manner to fix those solutions, and identify the correct answer. 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With such a high growth rate non-profit groups could potentially reach five million new people a day. This would not be feasible without the use of Facebook. If non-profit groups continue to use Facebook as a means to diversify their socialRead MoreEssay About Burj Khalifa1180 Words   |  5 Pagescountry [ Tower Khalifa terms The following set of facts and figures about the tallest tower in the world: Tower consists of about 200 floors, the upper floors will be occupied by human activity will be concentrated in the tower up to 160 storeys. [6] [7] Will stay and work in the tower about 12 thousand people, in a kind of vertical city [7]. 95 km distance you can see the top of the tower. 124 No. floor balcony where you are top of the tower, Tower Khalifa, the highest observation deck openRead MoreEssay About Burj Khalifa1180 Words   |  5 Pages [ Tower Khalifa terms The following set of facts and figures about the tallest tower in the world: Tower consists of about 200 floors, the upper floors will be occupied by human activity will be concentrated in the tower up to 160 storeys. [6] [7] Will stay and work in the tower about 12 thousand people, in a kind of vertical city [7]. 95 km distance you can see the top of the tower. 124 No. floor balcony where you are top of the tower, Tower Khalifa, the highest observation deckRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of Brother Dean865 Words   |  4 Pagesand raped weeks before she won a pageant . He was protesting the release of the film because he claims that she could have prevented all of the cruel things that happened to her by remaining in her Orthodox Jewish lifestyle.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   He uses the appeal logos in his preaching because he takes out quotes from the bible. He attempts to use reason by using the bible as evidence and tries to prove that the things he is saying are reasonable. He has a sign up that says immodesty= sexual assault Gal 6:8, a passage

Diversity management free essay sample

Diversity is crucial and inevitable for any service organisations to create opportunities for more innovative ideas. Diversity involves individuals from different ethnic background, culture, age, gender, status and personality characteristics to communicate and share values. To promote and implement diversity, managers should have an effective recruitment strategy. Although diversity creates opportunities, it can create contemporary issues. The issues on diversity are rather complex. This is due to the changing nature of social trends organisations need to adapt. For example, there has been an increase of women entering in the workforce by 40 per cent since August 1961 [ABS, 2013. ] and an increase of employment in part-time and casuals since 1979. The percentage of full-time employees fell from 42 per cent to 39 per cent, while part-time increased from 25 per cent to 36 per cent [Lawson, 2007. ]. There are other several trends which influence the nature of diversity in the service industry. These include the recognition of Australia characteristics as more of a multicultural country. The country is also known as an aging population and is skewed towards white-collar services. An increase of technology development creates more of a diverse country through networking. This suggests that social attitudes, cultural trends and values can often change. For example, Qantas had the difficulty of maintaining the company’s consistency in terms of performance due to the changing nature of diversity. Work-life balanced positions are more in demand. Thus Qantas has responded in employing more casual and part-time employees. This change has driven Qantas to reduce costs and improved its international competitiveness. There has also been an increase in participation of women in the workforce. Qantas has the total 42 per cent of women in which only 23 per cent of women occupy senior roles [Broadbridge, D. (2013: 68)]. Thus Qantas had implemented family practices to maintain women within the airline. This reinforces that, there is a need of ongoing diversity management to gain a productive diversity. Hence organisations are able to gain a sustainable competitive advantage. Managing diversity is defined as â€Å"the challenge of meeting the needs of a culturally diverse workforce and of sensitizing workers and managers to differences associated with gender, race, age and nationality in attempt to maximise the potential productivity of all employees† [Ellis and Sonnenfield (1994: 82)]. Tesco, a UK customer focused retailer has identified the essential of diversity management. To reach its maximum potential goals, Tesco has established a clear mission statement – â€Å"we make what matters better, together† [Tesco PLC, 2013]. The retailer’s mission statement promotes productive diversity. Tesco has recognised the importance of inclusion to ensure high employee satisfaction. The strong communication between managers and employees encourages each employee to maximise their own potential productivity against the organisation values and its benchmark. The industry further provides flexibility to all employees where â€Å"everyone is welcome† to motivate employees to become further productive. Therefore as a result, Tesco has gained significant benefits. These benefits include an increase of diverse knowledge and skills towards customer services, innovative opportunities, positive reputation of the organisation and an increase of service productivity. Thus it reinforces the importance of effective diversity management to gain a sustainable competitive advantage. A financial company, Westpac has also incorporated diversity management strategies to ensure the company achieve its vision – â€Å"To be one of the world’s great companies, helping our customers, communities and people to prosper and grow† [Westpac Group Ltd, 2013.]. Westpac has established The Westpac Group Diversity Council and diversity policy to ensure their objectives have been achieved. The policy outlines that managers should have continuous review and discussions in addressing with any emerging diversity-related organisational issues. This provides the organisation a constant strategic and effective diversity management evaluation. It also outlines engagement strategies such as effective communication to increase its productive diversity. Hence ensures the company reaches its vision. Westpac Ltd, 2013.  has clearly identified within its industry that, 43% of employees (36% men and 48% women) work flexibly, over 12% employees have disability, 61% employees are women are and 32% of employees were born outside of Australia and New Zealand. These statistics suggests Westpac have provided an inclusion of all recruited employees to promote a diverse service culture. As result, Westpac has gained positive response in managing diversity. The finance company has received recognition as one of the world’s most ethical companies [Ethisphere Institute, 2013.]; top ten employer for LGBTI (Lesbian Gay Bisexual Transgender and Intersex) inclusion [Australian Workplace Equality Index Awards, 2013. ]; won the Gender Equity in workforce [AHRI Diversity awards, 2013. ]; won the Employer of Choice for Women Award [Workplace Gender Equality Agency, 2013. ] and has been ranked 10th in the Global 100 list of the world’s sustainable corporations. Therefore it emphasises the need of diversity management in service industry to maintain a sustainable competitive advantage. Diversity can provide organisations great benefits, but it is also the cause of contemporary issues and conflicts when organisations need employees to think in the same direction. For example, according to Sunday Morning Herald, in 2002, TPG had a discrimination-related issue – a Muslim employee had asked the organisation to have a five minute break for his prayer was rejected. The issue was brought to the Australian Industrial Relations Commission. As a result, TPG had failed to recognise its need of incorporating diversity with its culture values. Thus there was a need in changing its work ethnic values. Conflict can arise due to the differences of stakeholder’s values and miscommunication. Hence it is difficult to measure fairness and equality between the different cultures and social and ethical values. For example social etiquette is vital in a diverse service industry. The term â€Å"respect† can be interpreted in different perspectives. This is due to language barriers and different cultural aspects. It is also difficult to recruit a diverse workforce that is able to parallel with the organisational culture values. For example, most recruitment is based on skills, personal traits, experience and qualifications that are fitted to the organisation’s value. Conflicts are also inevitable, thus, managers should implement conflict resolution strategies to decrease the amount of conflicts. Conflict resolutions include identifying the issue, negotiating, mediating, grievance procedures and involvement of courts and tribunals. Thus, these strategies are a vital tool for service industries to promote productive diversity. Identifying the issue is the first step when a conflict arises. Managers who recognises the cause of the conflict are able to prevent further complex disputes. To avoid misunderstandings, managers should use active listening skills. This includes mirroring, paraphrasing, summarising, clarifying questions and providing the speaker motivational response. Negotiating is a bargaining process between two or more parties seeking to discover a common ground and reach an agreement to settle a matter of mutual concern or resolve a conflict [Chapman, S. 2011. ]. Mediation is the process of using a third party to settle a dispute [Samson, D.  and Draft, R. 2012. ]. Both solutions provide an ongoing communication between stakeholders to reach a â€Å"win-win† situation. Grievance procedures are used in certain conflict situations which must be handled in procedure. This method provides clear instructions on resolving a dispute. Courts and tribunals are a third individual mechanism that enforces a solution based on the conflict circumstance. Although it is used effectively to end a dispute, it could be argued that, this mechanism would be the causes of organisations to have further internal disputes. This is due to the negative publicity. In 2011, Qantas had a dispute in terms of different values between CEO and the union and employees. It could also be argued, that this conflict is due to poor management. The issue was based on providing employees a sense of job security, due to the â€Å"cultural shift† of outsourcing parts of its operation to Asia. The lack of flexibility and ineffective communication due to the top-down management hierarchy were also the causes of conflict. As result, the dispute had become internationally known and major costs were involved. Qantas human resource managers should have clearly communicated its vision to provide a sense of employee’s job security. Integrating diversity in the workplace is not only to create opportunities but it is to abide legal ethics. The legislation enforced in Australia to ensure equality employment is Equal Employment Opportunity Act 1987 (Cth). The Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO) outlines that all employees have equal access to the opportunities that are available, including promotion possibilities, overtime availability and leave entitlements [Chapman, S. 2011]. Thus, it could be argued, that, the legislation promotes diversity. Organisations which fail to abide the legal systems would be subjected to hefty fines and gain a negative industry reputation. For example, in 2003, the phone company, TPG had discriminated a female pregnant employee under the EEO. The company did not offer a suitable part-time position after her maternity leave. As a result of this issue, TPG had to cover $75,000 of damage [Sunday Morning Herald, 2003. ]. This suggests poor productive diversity. It is recommended, that TPG should evaluate its diversity management and its culture values. This case study also suggests the need to reform the legislation where women with pregnancy are included to avoid further conflicts. Thus, the Equal Employment Opportunity Amendment Act 2012 (Cth) legislation further reinforced and depicts issues on conflicts based upon discrimination, harassment and racism. Westpac and Qantas have obligated to promote EEO within the workforce. Westpac has effectively promoted EEO and its values to employees. The establishment of the diversity council group had lead Westpac to manage its diversity effectively. Through continuous evaluation, Westpac has created high staff morale. Thus the company is able to maintain its low staff turnover and absenteeism. Qantas has established a Diversity Statement to ensure the airline industry is obligated to the EEO. The EEO provides Qantas to promote diversity through leadership, talent and development programs, flexible work arrangements and recruitment and selection processes [Qantas Airways Ltd, 2013. ]. This management approach supports Qantas objectives, delivers competitive advantage and benefits to customers. In conclusion service industries that effectively implement diversity management allows organisations to achieve its maximum potential goal. Hence it is an essential strategy for managers maintain a sustainable competitive advantage through productive diversity. It is also an opportunity for organisations to embrace diversity to become more innovative. Although productive diversity allows positive recognition response like Westpac, it can also be the cause of contemporary issues. Unable to identify contemporary issues will lead to conflicts. Conflicts are inevitable. Therefore, there is a need for conflict resolution mechanism to maintain ethical practices in the workforce. Further disputes can create a disadvantage. For example, Qantas should have positive reinforcement if there is a need for change of work practices. The lack of job security has lead unions and employees to go on strike. As result, major financial costs were involved and negative publicity. The establishment of the Equal Employment Opportunity Act 1987 (Cth) is enforced for all organisations to abide. The legislation ensures equity and fair ethical practices in the workforce. Failure to abide the legislation results in disadvantage outcomes. This could include negative publicity, increase of costs and decrease staff morale which leads to high staff turnover and low productive diversity. Overall the importance of incorporating diversity management, conflict resolution and equal employment opportunity determines the effectiveness in achieving organisations objectives. It is strongly recommended that, service industries should continuously evaluate its effectiveness of diversity management and conflict resolution to ensure an increase of productive diversity.